Post #136 August 27 2018
“Writing an Action-Adventure Series: Part II”
When I originally
conceived Johnny Winger in Tales of the
Quantum Corps and Nanotroopers, I
very much had Tom Swift Jr. in mind. By
that I mean I wanted to do an action-adventure series with a strong emphasis on
scientifically oriented action, with lots of gadgets and gizmos and with a
military dimension as well. Accessibility,
consistency and escalation (easily remembered as ACE) are the main ingredients
in your secret sauce, so make sure you have a generous portion of each when
writing your action-adventure series.
Accessibility. The first book in your series sets out your
characters, their motivations and personalities, and makes the reader care what
happens next. But what if your reader misses the first book and begins with the
second? Are your characters still compelling if your reader only meets them in
book two? And how much time should you spend fleshing out characters many
readers will already know?
You don’t have to
obsess over recapping what’s gone before. Only a few past events are going to
be vital to what comes next, so try and identify what a new reader really needs
to know. What went before might have been integral to the story in the first
book, but resist the urge to frogmarch your new reader through everything
they’ve missed.
If a reader is swept
along by your story, they won’t care if there are some references they don’t
understand. Take Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets as an example:
the students of a magical school are being picked off by a giant monster;
no-one’s stopping to wonder what Harry’s life was like before he became a
wizard. While your writing should make readers want to go back and find
out how something happened, if you’ve made the consequences clear, they
shouldn’t need to go back.
For things the new
reader needs to know, consider introducing a new character who wasn’t around
for the previous book’s events. Returning readers will be intrigued by a fresh
face and new readers can catch up alongside the character. Terry Pratchett
utilizes this device in his incredibly accessible Discworld series,
establishing Sam Vimes’ bad temper with lines such as:
You know how you feel when you wake up if
you’ve been [drinking] all night, Nobby? Well, he feels like that all the time.
(Terry Pratchett, Guards! Guards!)
Readers are a clever,
experienced bunch and they’ll infer a lot of backstory on their own as long as
your series has consistency.
Consistency
Every world and character
you create has its own set of internal rules, the consistent application of
which allows readers to accept them as ‘real’. Readers are willing to trust the
worlds you create and the characters you introduce as long as the facts and
rules are consistently applied across each book in the series. Readers will
accept flying, purple, singing horses before they buy a pathologically honest
character lying for no other reason than to serve the plot.
Consistency applies
to character behavior, story events and even themes. In Jeff Lindsay’s Dexter
series, the protagonist is a sociopathic serial killer who harnesses his
urges to knock off other killers. The reader understands Dexter’s world to be
just like our own but in the third book of the series, Dexter in the Dark,
it’s revealed that Dexter’s urges are the influence of an ancient demon
named Moloch. The inclusion of a mystical theme is jarring not because it’s
unusual but because it’s incompatible with the world Lindsay created in the
first two books.
Consistency becomes
more difficult across multiple books, as the story takes the author to places
they didn’t anticipate when they initially designed their world and characters.
Many authors write themselves into situations which can only be resolved by contradicting
already established facts, so make sure you recognize the rules that define
your story and don’t lose sight of them as you continue with each book.
In Stephen King’s Misery,
the terrifying Annie Wilkes rages about a chapter play which altered established
events to resolve an impossible cliffhanger:
This isn’t what happened last week! Have you
all got amnesia? They just cheated us! This isn’t fair! (Stephen King, Misery)
Your own readers won’t
be much more forgiving. Knowing why your rules apply will help consistency; if
you know what your cynical character went through to make them so jaded you’re
less likely to throw in a jarring moment of optimism.
Consistency most
often goes out of the window when an author hasn’t planned their series’ escalation.
Escalation
Your story needs to
evolve and develop from book to book. This might be in terms of how much your
reader knows or cares about a character or in the importance of events that
happen in the narrative. Just as you wouldn’t reveal everything about a
character in the first chapter of a book, you can’t have your characters face
their greatest obstacles in the first book of a series.
The Harry Potter series
has a very direct escalation of obstacles:
- Troll and depowered evil wizard
- Huge, venomous monster with death glare
- Werewolf and army of soul stealing ghouls
- Dragons, mer-people and reborn supreme evil wizard
- Supreme evil wizard, army of evil wizards and army of soul stealing ghouls (again)If you’re telling a romantic story, then a character can meet their love interest, break-up, get married, have children, as long as events build. Planning your escalation is essential to a good series; if you just keep upping the stakes without thinking ahead, eventually you’ll have to subvert the series’ consistency to either present or overcome an unrealistically big obstacle. Harry Potter’s main villain is unable to touch the protagonist until the end of the fourth book. Building in advantages or allies that can be stripped away as the series progresses gives you lots of opportunities to escalate.As always, there are exceptionsAs is the case with all writing advice, there is always the addendum ‘…unless it works’. George R.R. Martin’s A Song of Ice and Fire successfully trades accessibility for intricacy. The complex plot makes it impossible for Martin to continually reiterate the vast array of character relationships and motivations without slowing the story to a crawl.Of course, you don’t need to obey the ACE principles slavishly, but keeping them in mind when plotting your series will help avoid common problems and give you as many choices as possible as your series progresses.And that’s some good advice on writing an action-adventure series.The Word Shed will take a two-week hiatus to celebrate our nation’s Labor Day holiday (one last trip to the beach!) The next post to The Word Shed will come on September 10, 2018.See you then.Phil B.